The fire fighting suits is the protective clothing that firefighters wear to protect themselves when they enter the general fire scene to fight fire, and it is suitable for use in the “normal” state of the fire scene. Fire fighting suits are divided into eighty-five and ninety-seven styles. Most of the firefighting squadrons are equipped with 85-style firefighting combat suits, which are divided into four types: winter clothing, summer clothing, fireproof and waterproof clothing, and long firefighting clothing. They are suitable for general fire fighting and are not suitable for near-fire operations and emergency rescue. . The 97 combat uniform is a newly researched fire fighting suits, which has the functions of fire prevention, flame retardancy, heat insulation and anti-virus, and is suitable for fire fighting and some emergency rescue work.
The protective functions and related measurement methods that firefighting combat suits should possess
(1) Flame retardant performance (vertical burning test)
After burning a 12-inch strip under a propane flame for 12 seconds, remove the flame and measure the afterflame time, flame retardancy time, and char length of the strip.
(2) Thermal Protection Performance (TPP)
①Thermal protection performance (TPP) test: put the cloth under the heat source of heat convection and heat radiation, and record the time required for second-degree burns.
Heat of time X heat source = TPP value
②TPP test method
The TPP test is to place a 6-inch-square cloth under a thermal convection and radiation heat source with a total energy of 2cal/cm2.sec, and then record the time required to achieve a second-degree burn. The TPP value is the time multiplied by cal/cm2. The value of sec. Different from the vertical burning test, the TPP test can tell us how much energy must be absorbed by simulating human skin through various fabrics to achieve second-degree burns. That is to say, the higher the TPP value, the fabric is more harmful to the body when exposed to high temperature and high heat flames. Under the circumstances, the higher the protection, the unit TPP value is the most direct link to the thermal protection performance.
③Thermo-man thermal protection test (Thermo-man?)
In order to further simulate the degree of burns of the human body in actual flames, it is used to test the degree of protection that the entire suit can provide under simulated actual flame conditions. From this test, we can predict the degree of second and third degree burns on the body, the lower the degree of total body burn, the better the chance of survival.
The human body model test is to put a 6-inch-high human body model made of special glass epoxy resin with 122 temperature testers on the whole body, put on a fireproof suit, and expose it to a 2cal/ In the cm2.sec heat, the computer simulates the degree and location of second-degree and third-degree burns that may be suffered by human skin based on the data collected from 122 temperature testers.
Protection performance
1) Has a permanent protective function;
2) It has the function of not melting and not supporting combustion;
3) It has the function of not breaking;
4) Anti-chemical corrosion function;
5) Durable and wear-resistant;
6) Comfort.
The structure and materials of the 1997 combat uniform
(1) The structure of the 1997 combat uniform
The 1997 combat uniform is made up of top coat and trousers, and top coat and trousers are all made up of four layers, namely: surface layer, waterproof layer, heat insulation layer and comfort layer.
Outer layer: Made of Metas material produced by American DuPont Company, containing 5% Kevlar fiber, resistant to 4720C high temperature, permanent flame retardant, the material does not shrink when exposed to fire, and does not produce melt drops.
Waterproof layer: PTFE waterproof and vapor-permeable diaphragm.
Insulation layer: Flame-retardant chemical fiber non-woven felt.
Comfort layer: pure cotton fabric, wool.
(2) The material of the 1997 combat uniform
① Flame -retardant textile fabric
Fire fighting fabrics are generally used for flame retardant textile fabrics. Most countries abroad such as the United States, France, Japan, the United Kingdom and other countries use aromatic polyamide fiber fabrics (Nomax fibrous fabrics). This fabric has good flame retardant performance, high strength, higher thermal stability. The toxicity of the combustion generics is extremely low and has a certain amount of acid -alkali resistance.
② Nomex (Nomex) is a good thermal stability in Dupont of the United States Dupont. It does not melt at 377 degrees, but it will decompose. The Nocos III is a mixture of 95%of the Fangfang polyamide fiber and a 5%high -intensity to the Fangcanamide fiber, which can make high -strength fabrics, which can block most chemical substances and acids. Another product generally used in the Asian market, it is 75%of Nomex, 23%of the mixture of Fang Fang, and 2%carbon fiber.
Kermel is France. Kmmier is made of polytic acid-aminoly. Because the surface of the Kichlk fiber is smooth and the cross -section is almost round, its feel is softer than other polyamine fabrics. Kmmier can also block chemicals, and has strong anti -abrasion capacity. The thermal conductivity is half lower than other fabrics made by the Fang’s polyamide fiber, which can bear a high temperature of 250 degrees for a long time.
③ Kanox {Taiwan} is a pre -oxidation fiber, which is obtained by incomplete carbonization of polypropylene fiber (this can make fiber resistance). Metals that can block chemicals, thermal radiation and melt, and have good thermal stability. The carbonized polypropylene is decomposed at 300 degrees, but it will naturally break down when the temperature reaches 550 degrees. The protective clothing made of polypropylene fabric can be exposed at high temperatures in a short time.
④ NOMEX@heat -resistant flame retardant fiber: chemical names in the aroma -fragrance polyamide fiber, domestic named aramid 1313 fiber.
⑤ KKEVLAR@High -density Low extended bulletproof fiber Ke: Chemical name is part of the aromatic polyamide fiber, and domestic is called aramid 1414 fiber.
⑥P-140 fiber: carbon fiber wrapped in nylon
⑦ Polymer composite material: composite microporous tetrafluoroethylene
Firefighters are one of the most closely related dangerous occupations in this world, and they often make us touching us with death. In the face of dangerous spiritual support, they originated from respect for life.
Post time: May-25-2023